Mujer y jubilación: conocimientos sobre la transición de la jubilación / Women and retirement: knowledge of the transition of retirement of women

Objetivo. Describir la transición de la jubilación de mujeres que desarrollaron su vida laboral en la ciudad de Barcelona. Diseño. Metodología cualitativa, estudio exploratorio. Emplazamiento. Ciudad de Barcelona, entre los años 2008- 2011. Participantes. Usuarias de Centros de Salud que responden a dos perfiles según el tipo de actividad laboral desarrollada: como directivas y técnicas, o con actividad profesional con escasa o nula autonomía. Intervenciones principales. Técnica de grupos focales hasta que los discursos narrativos no agregaron más información significativa a la disponible. Análisis con transcripción literal de los discursos, codificación, categorización, análisis de contenido y obtención de resultados. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron diferencias entre los perfiles de mujeres en relación con la significación de su vida laboral, las expectativas sobre la jubilación, los motivos que la determinaron, su salud al inicio de la misma y la adaptación a esta etapa. Hubo muchas similitudes y escasas diferencias cuando se analizaron las cargas familiares sostenidas antes y después de la jubilación. Conclusiones. A partir de los resultados se describen dos tipologías distintas de transición de la jubilación entre las mujeres del estudio en función del perfil de actividad laboral desarrollada (la descripción se realizó según la Teoría de las Transiciones de Meleis). Se destacan aspectos de sus experiencias y necesidades que, desde la perspectiva enfermera, identifican ámbitos y formas de intervención que permitan preparar y afrontar esta transición saludablemente (AU)

Objective. To describe the transition involved in the retirement process for women who have worked in the Barcelona work context. Design. Methodology qualitative, exploratory study. Location. The study was carried out in Barcelona, between the years 2008-2011. Participants. Users of health centers that serve two profiles by type of work activity developed as managers and technical, or professional activity with little or no autonomy. Main intervention. A technique discussion group was used until narratives did not add significantly to the information available. Transcription, analysis, coding, categorization, and content analysis to obtain the results. Results. The results reflected differences between these profiles involved in the sample when analyzing data related to the meaning of their working lives, expectations of retirement, the motives which determine it, their health during the initial period and their adaptation to retirement. There were many similarities and few differences when analyzing family responsibilities / workloads before and after retirement. Conclusions. These were based on the results described of the two distinct typologies of transition to retirement among women involved in the study in accordance with their profile of working life (the description used concepts and elements which model the Meleis Transition Theories as its basis). Some aspects of their experiences and needs are also stressed which, from a nursing perspective, lead to the identification of ambits, means of intervention which enable them to prepare and address this transition in a healthy way (AU)

[WOMEN AND RETIREMENT: KNOWLEDGE OF THE TRANSITION OF RETIREMENT OF WOMEN]. / Mujer y jublación conocimientos sobre a transción de la jubilación.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the transition involved in the retirement process for women who have worked in the Barcelona work context. DESIGN: Methodology qualitative, exploratory study. LOCATION: The study was carried out in Barcelona, between the years 2008-2011. PARTICIPANTS: Users of health centers that serve two profiles by type of work activity developed as managers and technical, or professional activity with little or no autonomy. MAIN INTERVENTTON: A technique discussion group was used until narratives did not add significantly to the information available. Transcription, analysis, coding, categorization, and content analysis to obtain the results. RESULTS: The results reflected differences between these profiles involved in the sample when analyzing data related to the meaning of their working lives, expectations of retirement, the motives which determine it, their health during the initial period and their adaptation to retirement. There were many similarities and few differences when analyzing family responsibilities/ workloads before and after retirement. CONCLUSIONS: These were based on the results described of the two distinct typologies of transition to retirement among women involved in the study in accordance with their profile of working life (the description used concepts and elements which model the Meleis Transition Theories as its basis). Some aspects of their experiences and needs are also stressed which, from a nursing perspective, lead to the identification of ambits, means of intervention which enable them to prepare and address this transition in a healthy way.

Costes de la calidad en medicina intensiva. Guía para gestores clínicos / Quality costs in critical care medicine. A guide for hospital managers

Objetivo: En este artículo se revisa la utilidad y aplicabilidad de los sistemas disponibles para calcular los costes generales y los costes de la calidad de los servicios clínicos hospitalarios, se analiza la estructura de costes de un servicio clínico tipo y se evalúa el impacto económico de un programa de mejora de la calidad. Material y método: Revisión de técnicas para calcular los costes en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) mediante diferentes enfoques de la contabilidad analítica para tal fin. Resultados: Se describen los métodos de análisis descendente y ascendente para el cálculo de los costes hospitalarios por servicios. Este desarrollo metodológico se complementa con los resultados de aplicación en la UCI del Hospital del Milagro y se presentan su estructura de costes y los datos obtenidos con esta metodología al analizar los costes resultantes de las actividades de mejora de la calidad, que permitieron ahorrar 28.582 D anuales. Conclusiones: El esfuerzo para implementar sistemas de análisis de los costes en general y de los costes de la calidad en particular redundará en beneficio de los actores del sistema sanitario: ciudadanos, profesionales, gestores y financiadores, ya que lo que hoy día sólo son legítimas demandas más o menos en ciernes, mañana será un compromiso ineludible de los profesionales asistenciales ante la sociedad

Objective: This article reviews the utility and applicability of available systems for calculating general and quality costs in clinical service settings by analyzing the costs structure of a clinical service and evaluating the financial impact of a quality improvement program. Material and method: The techniques to calculate costs in intensive care units (ICUs) were reviewed using the main analytical accounting approaches for this purpose. Results: Methods of top-down and bottom-up analysis for hospital costs calculation are described. This methodological development is complemented with the results of the application of these analyses in the ICU of the Hospital del Milagro. Costs structure and the results obtained with this methodology when the costs of activities related to quality improvement, which achieved a cost-saving of 28,582 D, are presented. Conclusions: Efforts to implement systems designed to analyze general and quality costs will benefit all actors of the healthcare system: citizens, professionals, managers, and financial providers since what are only legitimate demands today, more or less in the making, tomorrow will be an unavoidable commitment of healthcare professionals to society

Costes de la calidad y Sociedad / Costs of Quality and Society

No disponible

Las nuevas tecnologías de la información desde la perspectiva de los ciudadanos: la paradoja de Internet / The new technologies of information from the point of view of citizens: the Internet paradox

No disponible